Bioinformatics approaches for cancer biomarker discovery

Gaurav Mishra*#; Saloni Rahi#

doi:10.55006/biolsciences.2022.2404

Authors

Gaurav Mishra*# ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, MOGA– 142001 (Punjab), India
Saloni Rahi# Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Punjab University, Chandigarh- 160014, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55006/biolsciences.2022.2404

Keywords:

Cancer, Biomarkers, Bioinformatics, CRISPR

Abstract

Cancer biomarker discovery is essential for early diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized treatment strategies. Recent advancements in bioinformatics have significantly enhanced the identification of novel biomarkers, providing deeper insights into the molecular underpinnings of cancer. This review explores various bioinformatics approaches used in cancer biomarker discovery, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. We discuss how high-throughput sequencing, data integration, and machine learning tools enable the identification of diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers across cancer types. Additionally, the review highlights the challenges associated with cancer biomarker discovery, such as data heterogeneity, validation issues, and ethical concerns. Furthermore, emerging technologies like single-cell RNA sequencing, CRISPR-based screening, and 3D tumor modeling are shaping the future of cancer biomarker research, enabling a more personalized approach to cancer treatment. Bioinformatics is pivotal in driving precision medicine, facilitating the development of targeted therapies based on tumor-specific biomarkers. As these technologies continue to evolve, bioinformatics will play a crucial role in advancing cancer diagnosis, improving treatment outcomes, and ultimately enhancing patient survival.

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Author Biographies

Gaurav Mishra*#, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Ghal Kalan, MOGA– 142001 (Punjab), India

#Contributed equally

*Corresponding author

Saloni Rahi#, Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Punjab University, Chandigarh- 160014, India

#Contributed equally

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