Author Guidelines
Author's checklist
As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.
1: The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).
2: The submission file is in PDF, Microsoft Word file format.
3: The text is single-spaced; uses a 12-point font; employs italics, rather than underlining (except with URL addresses); and all illustrations, figures, and tables are placed within the text at the appropriate points, rather than at the end.
4: The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements.
5: The work submitted is original, which means percentage of similarity must be below 20%.
6: One author has been assigned as the corresponding author with contact details and email addresses.
Types of articles accepted
- Research article
- Full length review
- Systematic review
- Short communication
- Mini review
- Methods
- Opinion
Manuscript preparation
Biological Sciences imposes no restriction on the manuscript formatting. However, a manuscript should include the following sections in the given order-
- Author's page
- Abstract
- Keywords
- Abbreviations
- Introduction
- Materials and methods
- Results
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- Conflicts of interest
- References
Author's page
This page should include the name of contributing authors, affiliations, and details of the corresponding author.
The corresponding author must be marked, and an email must be provided for the communication.
Abstract
The length of the abstract is not limited; however, it should be concise and address the background, aim, methods, main findings, and conclusion.
Keywords
Four to eight keywords must be provided next to the abstract. Each keyword should be separated by a comma and start with a capital letter.
e.g., Diabetes, Glucose, Insulin, Rat, ...
Introduction
The introduction should address the background, rationale, recent progress in the intended field, and the significance of the work.
Materials and methods
This section should include all the chemicals utilized, methods employed with detail, or should be cited.
Results
The authors should write the detailed outcomes of the methods employed. The figures of each answer should be provided next to the results with proper legend and caption. The statistics and errors bar should be included in the bar graphs wherever applicable.
Discussion
A detailed discussion should be written with reference to the existing publications and it should indicate the main findings of the work.
Conclusion
A short conclusion should be added after the discussion, showing the significance of the work.
Acknowledgment
Authors should acknowledge the funding agency or institution.
Conflicts of interests
Authors should declare if any competing interests exist.
References
The manuscript must be cited uniformly following one of the below-mentioned styles-
- Vancouver
- IEEE
Examples-
Reference citing a journal publication
1. Kondylis V, Polykratis A, Ehlken H, Ochoa-Callejero L, Straub BK, Krishna-Subramanian S, et al. NEMO Prevents Steatohepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inhibiting RIPK1 Kinase Activity-Mediated Hepatocyte Apoptosis. Cancer Cell. 2015;28(5):582–98.
Reference citing a book
2. Barel AO, Paye M MH. Handbook of cosmetic science and technology. New York: CRC Press; 2014.
Reference citing a chapter in an edited book
3. Barel AO, Paye M MH. Toxic chemicals employed in cosmetology, in: T.S. Jake, M.S. David (Eds.) Handbook of cosmetic science and technology. New York: CRC Press; 2014, pp. 281–304.
Reference citing a website
4. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 1992. OECD guideline for the testing of chemicals, TG406 [Internet]. [cited 2021 Dec 10]. Available from: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/environment/test-no-406-skin-sensitisation_9789264070660-en
*We recommend using the reference manager like Mendeley or EndNote.
Review article
A complete review or mini-review should include Author's Page, Abstract, Keywords, Abbreviations, Introduction, Conclusion, Acknowledgments, Conflicts of interest, and References.
Systematic reviews
Systematic reviews create multiple sorts of information for patients, healthcare providers, academics, and policymakers. Meta-syntheses, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews are all included in this article. Authors should produce a transparent, thorough, and accurate summary of why the review was done, what they accomplished (such as how papers were located and selected), and what they found to ensure that a systematic review is beneficial to users. We encourage authors to consult PRISMA 2020 early in the writing process. A flowchart, which can be obtained using PRISMA 2020, is required in all systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews should include Author's Page, Abstract, Keywords, Abbreviations, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, Acknowledgments, Conflicts of interest, and References.
Methods
Methods articles should describe a method, protocol, or technique that is of substantial interest in the discipline, whether it is new or established. Methods should contain Author's Page, Abstract, Keywords, Abbreviations, Introduction, Materials and Equipment, Methods, Anticipated Results, Discussion, Conclusion, Acknowledgments, Conflicts of interest, and References.
Opinion
Opinion articles allow writers to express their thoughts on how current discoveries in any field should be interpreted, the worth of the methods utilized, and the flaws and strengths of scientific ideas. Authors should present a balanced assessment of diverse perspectives in the subject where appropriate, and make it clear where and why they are expressing their own personal views. Opinion articles must be scientific discussions based on already published literature, not original research and data. Opinion articles should have Author's Page, Introduction, Subsections relevant to the subject, and Discussion.
Figures and tables
Figures and tables should be embedded in the appropriate text, not at the bottom. A clear legend should be added next to the figures. A caption, if applied should be added below the figures or tables. There is no restriction on the size of the figures; however, the texts in the figures must be clearly visible. The table must be provided in an editable format, not as an image. Our editorial team may contact the authors for the correction of figures or tables if required.
Color figures
We do not charge any extra money for the color figures for the article.
Articles length
There is no limitation of the length of articles; however, mini-review and short-communication should not exceed 3000 words including abstract and references. While opinion should not exceed 2000 words.
Research involving humans
Studies involving human volunteer should be conducted following the The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki). Use of term sex and gender should be correct. A statement declaring obtained informed consent of participated individuals should be uploaded along with manuscript during submission. This should be stated in the materials and methods section.
Research involving animals
Studies involving animals should obtain permission from the animals ethics committee of corresponding organization and to conduct the experiment accordingly. This should be stated in the materials and methods section.
Submission
To submit your article using our online submission system, click the link below-
