Neuroprotective Effect of Ginkgo biloba and L-Ascorbic Acid on Mercury Chloride (HgCl2)-Induced Oxidative stress and Neuroinflammation in Adult Male Wistar Rats

Moses Ibrahim Auza; Sunday Musa Abraham; Sunday B. Oladele; Zainab M. Bauchi; Angela M. Danborno

doi:10.55006/biolsciences.2024.4301

Authors

Moses Ibrahim Auza Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, Bingham University, Karu- NIGERIA; Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences Ahmadu Bello University Zaria- NIGERIA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8830-6471
Sunday Musa Abraham Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences Ahmadu Bello University Zaria- NIGERIA
Sunday B. Oladele Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello Universit
Zainab M. Bauchi Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi- NIGERIA
Angela M. Danborno Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences Bingham University, Karu- NIGERIA https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-7170

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55006/biolsciences.2024.4301

Keywords:

Ginkgo biloba, Mercury Chloride, Ascorbic acid, Oxidative stress, Neurotoxicity, Inflammation

Abstract

Mercury chloride (HgCl₂) toxicity poses significant health risks upon exposure. Chronic exposure can lead to severe neurological damage. Ginkgo biloba extract (EGB761) enhance cognitive function and memory. Ascorbic acid is a powerful antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage by free radicals. The present study evaluates the effects of EGB761 and L-Ascorbic Acid on HgCl2-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation. 48 adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 8 rats each. The control group received distilled water. HgCl₂ Only received (5 mg/kg HgCl₂), HgCl₂ + A. A received (5 mg/kg HgCl₂ + 100 mg/kg A. A, HgCl₂ + A. A received (5 mg/kg HgCl2 + 500 mg/kg A. A, HgCl₂ + EGB761 received (5 mg/kg HgCl₂ + 100 mg/kg EGB761, and HgCl₂+ EGB761 received (5 mg/kg HgCl₂ + 500 mg/kg EGB761. All administration was done orally for 21 days. The animals were subjected to a Y maze test and sacrificed on day 22. The brain was excised, and 1 g of tissue homogenized and utilized to assay for (MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH) and (TNF- α, and IL-6) activity. The result showed significant (p<0.05) increase in MDA level, TNF- α, and IL-6 activity and a significant (p<0.05) decrease in SOD, CAT, and GSH activity in the HgCl₂ Only Group. Ascorbic acid (500 mg) and EGB761 (100 mg and 500 mg) treated animals showed significant (p<0.05) improvement in alternations, decrease in MDA level, and increase in CAT, SOD level thereby mitigating mercury-induced oxidative stress indicating that EGB761 has neuro-protective property.

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